Jane Austen – LITERARY LIFE

Category: Jane Austen

Jane Austen was born at Steventon on December 16, 1775, the youngest of seven children. She received her education—scanty enough, by modern standards—at home. Besides the usual elementary subjects, she learned French and some Italian, sang a little, and became an expert needle-woman. Her reading extended little beyond the literature of the eighteenth century, and within that period she seems to have cared most for the novels of Richardson and Miss Burney, and the poems of Cowper and Crabbe. Dr. Johnson, too, she admired, and later was delighted with both the poetry and prose of Scott. The first twenty-five years of her life she spent at Steventon; in 1801 she moved with her family to Bath, then a great center of fashion; after the death of her father in 1805, she lived with her mother and sister, first at Southampton and then at Chawton; finally she took lodgings at Winchester to be near a doctor, and there she died on July 18, 1817, and was buried in the cathedral. Apart from a few visits to friends in London and elsewhere, and the vague report of a love affair with a gentleman who died suddenly, there is little else to chronicle in this quiet and uneventful life.

But quiet and uneventful though her life was, it yet supplied her with material for half a dozen novels as perfect of their kind as any in the language. While still a young girl she had experimented with various styles of writing, and when she completed “Pride and Prejudice” at the age of twenty-two, it was clear that she had found her appropriate form. This novel, which in many respects she never surpassed, was followed a year later by “Northanger Abbey,” a satire on the “Gothic” romances then in vogue; and in 1809 she finished “Sense and Sensibility,” begun a dozen years before. So far she had not succeeded in having any of her works printed; but in 1811 “Sense and Sensibility” appeared in London and won enough recognition to make easy the publication of the others. Success gave stimulus, and between 1811 and 1816, she completed “Mansfield Park,” “Emma,” and “Persuasion.” The last of these and “Northanger Abbey” were published posthumously.

The most remarkable characteristic of Jane Austen as a novelist is her recognition of the limits of her knowledge of life and her determination never to go beyond these limits in her books. She describes her own class, in the part of the country with which she was acquainted; and both the types of character and the events are such as she knew from first-hand observation and experience. But to the portrayal of these she brought an extraordinary power of delicate and subtle delineation, a gift of lively dialogue, and a peculiar detachment. She abounds in humor, but it is always quiet and controlled; and though one feels that she sees through the affectations and petty hypocrisies of her circle, she seldom becomes openly satirical. The fineness of her workmanship, unexcelled in the English novel, makes possible the discrimination of characters who have outwardly little or nothing to distinguish them; and the analysis of the states of mind and feeling of ordinary people is done so faithfully and vividly as to compensate for the lack of passion and adventure. She herself speaks of the “little bit (two inches wide) of ivory on which I work,” and, in contrast with the broad canvases of Fielding or Scott, her stories have the exquisiteness of a fine miniature.

Jane Austen, Harvard Classics Shelf of Fiction 3: Laurence Stern, Jane Austen, ed. William Allan Neilson (New York: P. F. Collier & Son, 1917), 145–147.

October 31, 2019November 30, 2019

Rachel Dodge

Our Father

We have come to the end of our study. Below are the closing lines from each of Jane’s three prayers. With these words, Jane concludes her own prayers and leads into the Lord’s Prayer, which would have most likely been recited out loud, corporately. In these lines, Jane asks their “Almighty God” and “most merciful Father” to hear their prayers, “for His sake who has redeemed us,” referring to their “Blessed Saviour,” Jesus Christ, saying that it’s in his name and “Words” that they pray.

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October 30, 2019October 30, 2019

Rachel Dodge

The Heavenly Kingdom

In this portion of her prayer, Jane prays for the “safety and welfare” of her family and friends, asking God to keep them from “all material & lasting Evil of Body or Mind.” She also asks for the “assistance of [God’s] Holy Spirit” to conduct herself on earth and looks forward to “an Eternity of Happiness” with her family in God’s “Heavenly Kingdom.”

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October 28, 2019October 30, 2019

Rachel Dodge

Go Into The World

In Jane Austen: The Parson’s Daughter, Irene Collins says Jane was “encouraged to strengthen her faith by prayer and worship but to make her witness in the world through her behavior to others rather than by preaching.” Though Jane’s father and brothers did preach from a pulpit, she herself preached a more subtle sermon in the way she lived and wrote.

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October 27, 2019October 30, 2019

Rachel Dodge

Morning Dawns And Evening Fades

Jane experienced a season in her life that was marked by loss and change. In 1797, Cassandra’s fiancé died in the West Indies. In 1801, Jane’s father retired and moved their family to Bath, away from her beloved Hampshire. Then in 1806, while in Bath, her dear father died suddenly and without warning. Jane didn’t write as much during her years in Bath, which some attribute to a lack of inspiration or a dislike of the town itself. However, it may be that Jane was affected most by who and what she lost while living there.

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October 26, 2019October 26, 2019

Rachel Dodge

Blessed Beyond Deserving

Austen’s novels are littered with characters who perhaps end up with better than they deserve. Edmund, after following Miss Crawford around like a lovesick puppy and giving up ground on many moral issues, still ends up with kind Fanny; Emma is forgiven her many failings and faults and marries generous Mr. Knightley; and Edward Ferrars, after making a foolish secret engagement with Lucy Steele, marries sensible Elinor. Grace is given and lessons are learned.

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October 25, 2019October 18, 2019

Rachel Dodge

Inexpressible Joy

Jane once wrote in a letter to Cassandra, “I had a very pleasant evening, however, though you will probably find out that there was no particular reason for it; but I do not think it worthwhile to wait for enjoyment until there is some real opportunity for it.” On another occasion, she wrote this in her typical dry humor: “Next week [I] shall begin my operations on my hat, on which You know my principal hopes of happiness depend.”

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